All Notes Concerning SCO Unix

  1. The baud rate for the terminals are set in 3 places, /etc/inittab, /etc/conf/cf.d/init.base, and /etc/conf/init.d The /etc/inittab file is used during start up to set the baud rate. The /etc/inittab file is reconstruted using the /etc/conf/c.d/init.base file, which is appended with the component files in the /etc/conf/init.d directory by the /etc/conf/bin/idmkinit command.

  2. After you have run lpnew to set up the printers. You will need to tell the system that these printers are now accepting requests. If you don't and set a program to print to the printer instead of a class code nothing will print.

    sysadmsh -> printers -> schedule -> accept -> {names}

  3. To stop the banner from printing edit /etc/default/lpd. Changing BANNERS=1 to BANNERS=0 or BANNERS=nobanner.

    ALTERNATE: To stop the banner from printing you may have to modify the following file:

    /usr/spool/lp/admins/lp/interfaces/{name}. Where {name} is the name of the printer.

    If you set the printer to standard, look for 'no banner="no". Changing the no to a "yes".

    If you are using one of our printer definitions you will have to delete the logic that deals with the banners.

  4. To run configure:

    cd /etc/conf/cf.d -> configure or
    sysadmsh -> system -> configuration -> kernel -> rebuild

    Configure will cause a new /etc/inittab to be constructed, so make sure that you have the changes in /etc/conf/init.d/* and /etc/conf/cf.d/init.base. At the very least have inittab copied to another name, so you can copy it back.

  5. To make a user account:

    cd /tmp
    sysadmsh
    Accounts -> User -> Create -> username -> modify defaults -> yes -> group -> ias (if not already out there it will ask if you want to create it? "y". With a group id of 900.)

  6. To install the IAS onto a Unix system use xinstall.

  7. To install a Unix package use installpkg or custom.

  8. If you can't add a new user to the system, because you get useshell: Not authorized or useshell: File control database inconsistency. The permission and/or ownership of one or more files are messed up. One cause of this problem is the installation of SCO VP/ix Release 1.2.0 or earlier. Run one the following to determine what is wrong.

    1 - fixmog /* They may not have this program */

    2 - /tcb/bin/integrity -e | more

    NOTE: intergity is just like the Xenix fixperm command.

  9. The owner and group on the p01's and lj files are different then the owner and group on the Xenix files.

    Xenix - lp bin
    Unix - bin lp

  10. Internal Error 11 -> Segmentation error.

  11. Every once in a while the lost+found directory vanishes. If this happens check the /etc/cleanup shell script. It may contain a line that says:

    find /lost+found -mtime +14 -exec rm -rf {} \; >/dev/null 2>&1

    The -r will end up removing the lost+found directory. It should read.

    find /lost+found -mtime +14 -exec rm -f {} \; >/dev/null 2>&1

  12. INIT: command is respawning too rapidly:

    1. Does the /etc/inittab have 2 or more entries with the same unique identifier. The /etc/inittab file maybe corrupted, due to relinking the kernel or system lockups.

      If init finds that it is respawning an entry from /etc/inittab more than 10 times in 2 minutes, it will assume that there is an error in the command string in the entry, and generate the above message. It will then refuse to respawn this entry until either 5 minutes has pasted or it receives a signal from a user spawned init. This prevents init from eating up system resources when someone makes a typographical error in the inittab file or an entry goes to a port not recognized by the system.

      When attempting to boot the system, failure of init to prompt for a new run level may because the virtual system console is linked to a device other than the physical system console.

      Whenever the system is rebooted, the first boot up messages will display on the "normal" system console (tty01), then the prompt for going to mutliuser will be displayed on the tty from which the 'init S' was last invoked, which could be any tty on the system. The system console device (/dev/syscon) remains linked to the tty from which the last 'init S' is invoked. Rebooting the system does NOT reset this to tty01.

      NOTE: Under UNIX 'syscon' should not be linked to tty01. It should be linked to 'console' and 'systty'.

    2. The '/etc/getty' file maybe corrupted. To test this key in the following command:

      getty -c /etc/gettydefs

      You should get screens of information scrolling up the monitor. If you have to install a new '/etc/getty' you will need to brand using a command similar to the following.

      NOTE: There is one command for regular UNIX and one for OpenServer.

      brand -b unixrts /etc/perms/bundle/unixos serno actkey /etc/getty

      brand -b unixrts /etc/perms/bundle/odtps serno actkey /etc/getty

  13. If the printer is losing jobs check the /usr/tmp directory. If there is junk, remove it and reboot the computer. Also check the /usr/spool/lp/admins/lp/interfaces file. Make sure the file size matches the correct printer in /usr/spool/lp/model.

  14. Region Table Overflow means the NREGION variable is to small for the amount of memory the computer has.

    2-3 megs -> 210
    4-6 " -> 250
    6-15 " -> 300

    To check the nregion status

    # crash
    > region ! wc -l /* this will tell you regions in use
    > region -e ! grep nuse ! wc -l /* regions not in use ctrl d to end

    There is also a correlation between NRPOC and NREGION. If you increase the size of NPROC you must also increase the size of NREGION. I SCO rule of thumb is NREGION should be 3X the size of NPROC.

    sysadmsh -> system -> configuration -> kernel -> parameters

    Could be in either #1 or #4.

    sysadmsh -> system -> configuration -> kernel -> rebuild

    To relink the kernel.

  15. To unlock a terminal:

    Accounts -> Terminal -> Unlock -> to get terminal id

    To unlock a user account:

    Accounts -> User -> Examine -> {name} -> Logins -> Clear all locks

  16. To change the security level on the system.

    system -> configure -> security

  17. You can see what devices are using what interrupt vectors by looking in the /etc/conf/cf.d/sdevice file. This file will tell you what is installed and what vectors and memory address it is using.

  18. You can run /etc/conf/cf.d/vectorsinuse to see what interrupt vectors are already in use. Just make sure the shell script matches ours. As there was a problem with earlier versions.

    awk '($6 == "2")' sdevice /* 2 being the vector number to check. */

    The command above will show you what is using a vector.

  19. Cannot obtain database information on this terminal. Database corrupted. If you get a messages similar to this reinstall /etc/auth/system/ttys. This may solve the problem. There is one case where this file was corrupted, and because of that you could not login on the main terminal. It would allow you to login as root but you couldn't run anything but shutdown or haltsys. So reboot the computer. Bring the system up in single user mode and reinstall /etc/auth/system/ttys. Then run integrity and fsck to make sure everything is ok.

    If you have installed a multiport card. The entries for those terminals will be missing from the new /etc/auth/system/ttys file. You will need to creat the entries by doing the following:

    Accounts -> Terminal -> Create

  20. If you get a message saying there maybe a dump image in the swap device, do the following to get rid of the image. Make sure you are in single user mode and enter:

    dd if=/etc/termcap of=/dev/swap
    or
    cat /etc/termcap >/dev/swap

  21. If you can't pass the "Type CONTROL-d to proceed with normal startup (or give root password for system maintenance)" prompt.

    1. The file /etc/ioctl.syscon maybe corrupted. Enter single user mode by typing in the root password followed by a ^J instead of [enter]. Remove /etc/ioctl.syscon and reboot with telinit 6. The system will complain that /etc/ioctl.syscon is missing and will rebuild it for you.

    2. The '/etc/inittab' file is calling a program that is corrupted. Rem out the lines in the '/etc/inittab' to see if you can get the system up.

      Run '/tcb/bin/integrity -e' to check the system. I had one case where a file in the '/tcb/files/auth/s' directory was corrupted and '/etc/authckrc' would lock during startup.

    3. The '/etc/getty' file may also be corrupted. See 'getty' in this file for further information.

      NOTE: I had a customer that you come up to "System Is Ready" but just hang there. It turned out the the 'getty' wasn't branded.

    4. The '/shlib/protlib_s' file is missing or corrupted. If this is the case restore the file before rebooted or you will not get the system back up. The system will not bring up the "Enter System Password or do a Ctrl-D". It will say it 'cannot access shared library' and continue on. But you will not be able to login it. You will need to search the EMERGENCY ROOT floppy to restore it. You can try to look on the N2 floppy but its probabaly not there. You may have to reload the system. First try a UPGRADE.

      NOTE: If you do an Upgrade you will need to reload the Stallion and SunRiver drivers. Also make a set of EMERGENCY ROOT and BOOT floppies and manual add the '/shlib/protlib_s' file.

      NOTE: I had one instance were the color VGA video card had started to go bad in conjunction with a monochrome monitor. It would come up to boot and you could press enter to continue on, but before it got to the "Type CONTROL-D to proceed" the monitor would go blank. They hooked up a color monitor and it seemed to work fine until you tried to display any colors to the screen. The colors were all off. They were even off under setcolor.

  22. On 50MHz or faster computers the diskette drives under DOS MERGE may not work correctly. You maybe only able to read high density diskettes for example. If this is the case do the following and increase the clock speed of the drives.

    cd /usr/lib/merge
    ./patchflop -p

    This will tell you the speed of the diskette drives in mhz under DOS MERGE. To increase the speed type try.

    ./patchflop 80

    NOTE: This may not work this way on all UNIX computers. Try ./patchflop by its self should tell you if this will work correctly.

    NOTE: This did not work for one customer. I had to use 'dosopt' to premently add the device to DOS MERGE.

    dosopt +aa:/dev/install /etc/dosenv.def

    This worked for awhile but they were still having problems. I checked the '/etc/dosenv.def' file was missing the "-u" variable. I then copied the '/usr/merge/dosenv.def' file to the '/etc/dosenv.def' file and the floppies worked fine.

    +amouse -b +dc +e +l +m1 +p +s15 +t -u -w

  23. UNIX will not automatically create any parallel devices when installing. You will have to run /etc/mkdev parallel to create the proper devices.

    NOTE: On the new versions of Unix the designation of LP0 does not stand for the main parallel port, LP1 does not stand for main parallel port on a monochrome card and LP2 does not stand for alternate parallel port.

    LP0 - Unit 0 or first parallel port. LP1 - Unit 1 or second parallel port. LP2 - Unit 2 or third parallel port. This means that you could set up 'lpt2' as LP0 and 'lpt1' as LP1.

  24. You can check the hardware configuration by using the hwconfig command. The most command useage would be hwconfig -ch.

  25. Problematic user: User exists in /etc/passwd but not in Protected Password Database.

    Accounts -> User -> Examine -> Identity

    Type of user is listed as NONE. Type in "individual" and press return though the rest of the fields to recreate the user. I will ask "Do you wish to have this modification take effect?". Say "yes". Then select Password and change the current password status to assign a new password.

  26. Problematic user: User exists in Protected Password Database but not in /etc/passwd.

    Accounts -> User -> Examine -> Identity

    Recreate the identity fields for the user's group and shell. For the home directory, select edit and type in the path, for example: /usr/jam

  27. DOS MERGE by default loads a special extended memory manager called MERGEXMS.SYS. It also loads DOS into the High Memory Area. MERGEXMS.SYS is the only Extended Memory Manager that can used with DOS services. (Users Guide 149)

    On MERGE 4+ it is called MRGXMS

  28. DOS MERGE by default sets expanded memory to 1 meg. You can easily request more.

    NOTE: You should not request more memory that you need because it wastes system resources. (Users Guide 150-151).

    Command Result
    dos +aems 1 meg expanded memory
    dos +aems# # = 1-8, for 1-8 megs
    dos +m2 2 megs of extended memory
    dosopt +m2 +acom2 ads grap 2 megs of extended memory and COM2 when the script file '/usr/ias/bin/ads' is executed

  29. To see the way the DOS MERGE session is set press <Ctrl><Esc> then <Ctrl><I>.

    To kill a DOS session to a <Left-Ctrl><Esc> <Left-Ctrl> <K>

    NOTE: These commands will only work with Merge 3.2.2 or lower.

  30. DOS MERGE supports loading DOS into high memory. This may not happen during installation of ODT 2.0 or Merge 2.0. You will need to create a new DOS Image manually for this to happen. (See Discover Vol. 7, No. 2 for details)

    # cd /usr/merge/image
    # rm config.mki
    # /usr/bin/mkimg

    You will also need to do this if you change BUFFERS or LASTDRIVE. See "Making new DOS images" in the Administering DOS Services Section of the SCO System Administrator's Guide.

    NOTE: If you get the following message:

    Cannot find /usr/merge/dosroot/dos/boot.dsk

    DOS isn't totally installed. Go into 'startx' and install DOS.

  31. If you can use a modem under DOS MERGE with out first disabling the COM port. But you may have to change the premissions for DOS MERGE to access the device.

    chmod 666 /dev/tty1a
    chmod 666 /dev/tty1A

    NOTE: That I used the lower case device, not the upper case as you would expect. DOS MERGE looks for the lower case device.

    NOTE: Under OpenServer5 you have to remove the MOUSE associated with the serial port you are using the modem on. ex: COM1. If you don't you can use the modem under ROOT but not under any other user. In other words ROOT and grap the port to call out but the users will get a message saying the port is in uses or has incorrect permissions.

  32. To set up a unattended tape backup. Add a line to the /usr/spool/cron/crontabs/root file. To set this up, do the following:

    1. cd /usr/ias
    2. l cron.tab /* if the file exists go to step 5 */
    3. cat /usr/spool/cron/crontabs/root root > cron.root
    4. vi cron.root and remove the latest line.
    5. vi cron.root and add the command you want.
    6. crontab cron.root

    * * * * * [tab] {command}
    1 2 3 4 5

    1 - Minute of the hour
    2 - Hour (24 hour clock) of the day
    3 - Day of the month
    4 - Month of the year
    5 - Day(s) of the week

    EX: 15 22 * * 1-5 /usr/bin/tar c8vp /usr/ias/indata

    This will start the backup at 10:15 PM - Monday -> Friday.

  33. DOS MERGE error VM_DIED: dos: error: the VM86 process died. Occurs when an application in DOS MERGE attempts to use 286-protected, or 386-protected mode. Merge 2.0 or lower supports only real mode.

    Some applications allow you to invoke them in a specific mode.

  34. The command /usr/lib/merge/instdx.sh corrects the permissions and link to /bin/dos.

  35. NCALL controls the size of the kernal callout table. The kernal has the ability to schedule some action at a given real time; this is often used by a device driver. If the system message timeout table overflow appears, NCALL should be increased.

    NOTE: NCALL appears under CLOCK.

  36. PSTAT can be used to determine the number of open files, process and inodes.

  37. To set up a /dev/u file system

    sysadmsh -> filesystems -> add -> /dev/u -> {directory name}

    If the directory has data in it, it will be lost when the filesystem is constructed. So if this is the case move the directory out of the way and copy it back.

    If the system losses the file system entry but you can still get to the data by manually mounting the filesystem. Just make sure it is unmounted and add the filesystem again. The data will not be lost.

  38. /etc/devnm is called by bcheckrc which checks and mounts the root filesystem at system initailization. There is an entry in the /etc/inittab file which calls bcheckrc. If this file is missing remove the entry from the inittab file and reinstall the file under single user mode.

  39. Your system locked up once you passed the date/time message. You could get into single user mode, but you couldn't get into multi-user mode. An entry in the /etc/inittab was trying to execute the scologin script. Which locked up because the file /usr/lib/X11/scologin/ttyFile was messed up. We erased the file and the system recreated it when we rebooted the system.

  40. Listed below are the sum -r numbers for the varies /boot files.

    ODT2 - 00220 153
    ODT3 - 47795 154

  41. The devices used by DOS MERGE are defined in the /etc/dosdev file. This file should match ours and there is a copy of this file called /usr/lib/merge/dosdev. So if need be copy these file to the /etc/dosdev file.

  42. If there are having problems with 3151 terminals under DOS MERGE like the Page/UP and Page/Down keys not working. Check the /usr/lib/terminfo/3/3151 file and make sure it matches ours. If not do the following:

    cd /usr/lib/terminfo
    tic pcssc.src

  43. Emergency BOOT and ROOT floppies and there use in restoring a total system backup.

    To create:

    Version 4.2

    sysadmsh -> filesystems -> floppy -> {size} -> {drive} ->

    2 = Bootable only (BOOT)
    3 = Root File System only (ROOT)

    mount /dev/fd0135ds18 /mnt   /* use correct floppy size */
      cd /mnt/dev
      add rct0 device       /* must match one on hard disk */
    			/* use mknod to create         */
      add any other commands 
    
    To use:
    Boot with BOOT floppy mount /dev/hd0root /mnt cd /mnt umask 0000 cpio -icdu -I /dev/rct0

    Version 5.0+

    1. Load Unix
    2. Run mkdev tape to create tape drive
    3. Make Emergency Boot and Root floppies (system specific)
    4. Boot using Emergency Boot and Root floppies
    5. Restore tape (see below)
    6. Reboot off of the hard drive
    7. Go into Single User Mode
    8. Rebuild Kernel
    9. Run isverify -I (to elimate calendar server ISAM errors)
    10. Reboot

    mkdev fd

    2 - Emergency Boot and Root floppy filesystems

    1 - Root filesystem
    2 - Boot filesystem

    or

    scoadmin -> filesystems -> floppy filesyetems manager -> 2 - Emergency Boot and Root floppy filesystems

    To use:

    Boot with BOOT floppy
    
    mount /dev/hd0root /mnt
    cd /mnt
    umask 0000
    cpio -icdu -I /dev/rct0
    /usr/bin/isverify -I
    relink kernel
    

  44. To exit out of the SCO Desktop with out using a mouse.

    ALT SysRq -> Will ask if you really want to quit.

  45. DOS MERGE drive J: should be set to the following:

    -OpenServer 5 -> /usr/ldbin
    +OpenServer 5 -> /usr/merge/dosroot

    NOTE: Do not restore the entire 'dosroot' directory from an older version of Merge. This will cause problems by overwriting the new version of Merge with the older version.

    If this happens the following may solve the problem.

    1. ln -s /opt/K/SCO/Merge/3.2.2t/usr/lib/merge/dosside /usr/merge/dosroot/merge
    2. dosinstall -> 4 - MS-DOS 6.22 (from built in files)

    NOTE: 'dosinstall' will remove the existing version of DOS before installing the 6.22 version. You may also have to reconstruct the 'autoexec.bat' file.

  46. On OPEN SERVER 5 you will need to modify the /etc/default/mapchan file. You will need to REM out all tty entries. This will fix problem with strange characters appearing on the main console.

    NOTE: You will have to reboot the system for the change to take effect.

  47. To access the CD-ROM drive under DOS MERGE prior to MERGE 4.0 add the following line to the AUTOEXEC.BAT file.

    mscdex /d:mergecd1 /L:K /M:8

    "K" is the drive letter you want the CD-ROM to be assigned. The drive letter can be any number greater that "J". (See Page 55 - SCO Merge User's Guide)

    To access the CD-ROM under DOS MERGE 4.0 do the following.

    1. Start the SCO login or startx
    2. Click on Merge Tools
    3. Click on Merge Setup
      1. Highlight "Personal Merge Session Configuration: dos"
      2. Click on "ok" - double clicking will not work
      3. Click "Drives & Filesystems". A window will appear showing the current drive configuration.
      4. Click on "Add"
        1. Use the up/down arrows next to Drive until "K" is displayed.
        2. Click on "CD-ROM" it should say "Devices: /dev/cd0"
        3. Click "OK"
      5. Click "Save"

  48. To install Windows 3.1 or 3.11 under DOS MERGE, enter the following command to start the installation.

    winsetup

    NOTE: On DOS MERGE versions prior to 3.2.1 install windows to the "D:\WINDOWS" directory. Which is the users personal drive.

    C> - Root main directory
    D> - Users personal directory

    On DOS MERGE version 3.2.1 or higher install windows to the "C:\WINDOWS" directory. Which is the users personal drive.

    D> - Root main directory
    C> - Users personal directory

    To install Windows 95 MERGE 4.0, enter the following command to start the installation.

    instwin95cd

    Once Windows 95 is installed bring up Windows and install the following:


    * If you don't change the adapter and try to bring Windows up on one of the SunRiver Terminals the screen will appear on the main console. Changing to this adapter will bring the Windows screen up on the SunRiver terminal.

    NOTE: You may have to install DOS Version 7 before you can and install Windows. You do this with "instdos7cd". This will install DOS 7 from the Windows CD-ROM. This shouldn't take any time at all to do. See DOS MERGE 4.0 file in this directory for more information.

    NOTE: After upgrading a persons version of Merge you may get a message similar to this when booting up:

    Warning: Not automatically creating DOS image files

    This means that the system can't create the DOS image files in '/usr/merge/image/std/vga'.

    Go into 'startx' under root and try the following:

    Merge Tools -> Merge Setup -> System Wide Merge Administration

    1) Create DOS Images
    2) Install DOS

  49. DOS MERGE allows for 32 simultaneous sessions. You can increase or decrease this limit by changing the MERGE_MAX_SESS kernel parameter.

  50. WARNING: {device}: Cannot install intr vecno=#, type=#, IPL=# vector # is private.

    This message means that more than 1 device is trying to use this vector. The interrupt is either already marked as private, or it is currently marked as shared and the driver that is requesting it is requesting it for private use.

    Check the /etc/conf/cf.d/sdevice file to see what is using the vector. If you still can find it try using 'crash' as outlined in article ID482059.

  51. To change way the function keys are used to switch between partitions. Use SWITCHKEY. By changing the sequence you can get around the way some DOS programs use ALT FN(n) to do things.

    switchkey -ca    /* you will have to do a CTRL ALT FN(n) to */
    	         /* swithc out of a MERGE partition         */
    switchkey -a     /* will change it back to normal           */
    

    NOTE: SWITCHKEY is set back to normal everytime you do a shutdown.

  52. After entering your password, this error message is displayed.

    No utmp entry. You must log in from the lowest level -sh

    One or more of the following files have been corrupted. These are log files. So they can have a zero length without affecting the system.

    OpenServer 5 Unix 3.2v2.0
    /etc/utmp /etc/utmp
    /etc/wtmp
    /etc/utmpx

    To fix enter into single user mode and type in the following.

    cd /etc
    touch utmp
    touch utmpx
    touch wtmp

  53. If you have bad spots develope on a SCSI hard disk. You have to run either 'scsibadtrk' or 'badtrk' depending on what version of SCO UNIX you have.
    scsibadblk            /* Older Versions         */
    badtrk -s tn -r       /* OpenServer 5 and Newer */
    
    NOTE: You must be in "single user mode".

  54. You can start a program directly under DOS MERGE by keying:

    dos {name} /* where name is the name of the program ie:ticfs

    You can start a program without executing the AUTOEXEC batch file:

    dos +p{name} /* where name it name of the program ie: +pj.bat

    NOTE: I the last cast the name must match exactly. If the name is in lower case letters. You must key in lower case letters. It you keyed in caps the system will not find the program.

    NOTE: The program must be the current directory or you must speify the full path. ie +p$HOME/j.bat

  55. To restore from a SYSTEM BACKUP.

    cpio -icdBmu -I /dev/rct0 usr/ias/indata/\*

    To see whats on the tape

    cpio -ctv -I /dev/rct0

    To see whats on the disk or VOL file

    cpio -ictv -I /dev/fd0
    cpio -ictv -I VOL.000.000

    To restore from a disk

    cpio -icdBmu -I /dev/fd0 opt/K/SCO/e3H/\*

  56. DOS MERGE if the person is having problems running programs. Run a VERIFY on the MERGE to see if any programs are messed up. Valley had a problem where some rating programs but not all would lock up. I turns out that the file list below was damaged. The permissions and size were correct, but the 'sum -r' was wrong.

    /usr/lib/merge/bios.rom

    Run '/usr/ias/bin/fixdos' to correct the permissions on the files.

    /usr/ias/bin/fixdos jam /usr/merge/dosroot/erie

    Manual method.

    find {directory} -type f -exec chmod 666 {} \;

  57. To install single files under OpenServer 5 use CUSTOMEXTRACT.

    customextract -m /dev/cd0 {name of file}

    NOTE: You will have to look up the name in SCOADMIN to get the true path and name.

    customextract -m /dev/cd0 ./var/opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/bin/lp

  58. To set up a '/dev/u' file system under OpenServer5 take the INTERACTIVE option durning hard disk initialization. The last thing it asks is the size of the file system and what you want to call it.

  59. MAXUP (the maximum number of processes per user) is system wide not by terminal. So if the person has a lot of people logging in with the same initials this number may have to be increased. If not you may get messages saying the maximum number of processes is exceeded.

  60. You can change the default printer class for a DOS MERGE user by adding a line similar to the line below to their personal AUTOEXEC.BAT.

    printer lpt1 unix "lp -d99"

    dir >lpt1 /* to test */

  61. Root can print but users cannot print. May also generate 6201 error when printing from IAS. You need to check the '/usr/bin/lp' file. Either the permissions are wrong or the file is damaged. (ID 481605)

    Check the premissions and if need be change the premissions.

    NOTE: /usr/bin/lp is linked to /usr/bin/lpr

    ie: chmod 2111 /usr/bin/lp

    To restore the file use customextract under OpenServer and Sysadmsh with older system.

    customextract -m /dev/cd0 ./var/opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/bin/lp

    NOTE: On OpenServer 5 the '/usr/spool/lp/temp/.SEQF' file doesn't seemed to be reconstructed if removed. With out this file the system will not print at all. You will have to manually reconstruct it. I did the following, so it would match ours.

    cd /usr/spool/lp/temp
    vi .SEQF

    The file should lool something like these: 1:999999:1:12341

    NOTE: I had a case where they were printing though a NETWORK printer. Which was attached to '/dev/null'. They could print under 'root' but not under the users. The permissions on '/dev/null' were wrong. I did a 'chmod 666' on it and the users could then print.

    NOTE: I had one case under OpenServer 5 where nothing would print through spooler but would if piped directly to the port. It kept saying somthing like "UX:lp:ERROR Cannot execute print options". I had to 'tic /usr/lib/terminfo/terminfo.src' to get it to print.

  62. OpenServer 5 does not use the '/etc/perms' files. They look in '/opt' and '/var/opt' directories. I had to remove the 'iasv11.02' from a customers machine in order to install 'iasv12.0'. I had to remove the "iasv11.02" directories under the '/var/opt' directory.

    rm -r /var/opt/K/misc/iasv11.02
    rm -r /var/opt/P/misc/iasv11.02

    also check
    rm -r /opt/K/misc/iasv11.02
    rm -r /opt/P/misc/iasv11.02

    The "K" directory holds the perm file entries.
    The "P" directory holds the product date base files.

  63. Error: Incorrect SCO ISAM Runtime System Installed: 3

    The file '/usr/lib/isam/locks' is corrupted or missing. Type in the following command to reconstruct the file.

    # /usr/bin/isverify -I

  64. If the mouse doesn't work after running 'mkdev mouse'. Make sure the '/dev/mouse' directory has been constructed and the pseudo tty entries added. If not run 'mkdev ptty' to construct the pseudo tty's.

    mkdev mouse put entries into 2 files

    /usr/lib/event/devices
    /usr/lib/event/ttys

    ev_init: cannot load GIN device information
    usemouse: cannot open event que

    Either both/one of the above listed files in corrupted or has an incorrect entry. Check the files using vi.

  65. 'defbootstr' in the file '/etc/default/boot' can be used to block access to memory above 15 megs.

    defbootstr mem=1m-15m

  66. We had a problem with nothing printing under OpenServer 3.2v5.0.4+. It turned out that the following line in the '/usr/spool/lp/model/lj3.p' file was causing the request id to be echoed twice. This caused nothing to print. It has been fixed in the V12.00 model files, so run 'lpadmin' to fix the problem. ie: lpadmin -plaser4 -mlj3.p

    dest=`echo $request|sed "s/^\(.*\)-.*$/\1/p"`

    You can also remove the "p" at the end of the line to solve the problem.

  67. PANIC: exit cannot exec /etc/init (PID 1) status 9.

    If you get this message while booting up under OpenServer 5 means that either/both of the folling files are corrupted/missing. Use their emergency BOOT & ROOT floppies or their original BOOT floppy to reinstall the files. Bring the system up into single user mode and run 'scoadmin'.

    /opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/etc/init 
    symbolic link to /etc/init
    ln -s /opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/etc/init /mnt/etc/init
    
    /opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/lib/libc.so.1
    symbolic link to /usr/lib/libc.so.1
    ln -s /opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.0Cl/usr/lib/libc.so.1 /mnt/usr/lib/libc.so.1
    
    SSL 482828

    NOTE: You may have to copy the files to both places to bring the system up. Once you run 'scoadmin' it will complain about this an recreate the symbolic links.

    NOTE: You have to give the full path names for the line to work.

  68. To disable the 'scologin' type in the following command.

    scologin disable

  69. If the colors under DOS MERGE 4.0 don't look right. Change the color scheme to 'DOS primary colors' under 'srstartx'.

    srstartx -> options -> preferneces editor -> color -> DOS Primary Colors

    Check the '/usr/lib/grafinfo/grafdev' file to see what the resolution the SunRiver terminals are set to.

  70. The SUBST command under DOS MERGE is valid only for actual directories.

    AUTOEXEC.BAT
    SUBST F: D:\USR\IAS\FDRIVE

    To create a virtual drive for DOS MERGE.

    /usr/lib/merge/mkvdisk -s /usr/ias/fdrive.dsk 10000

    This will create a file called '/usr/ias/fdrive.dsk' that is 10 megs in size.

    dos +af:=/usr/ias/fdrive.dsk

  71. On OpenServer systems you will need the BOOT diskette if the system crashes. This disk takes the place of the old N1 and N2 diskettes.

    At the Boot: type in "tools". Continue through the installation screens until the following menu appears.

    1. Execute a shell on ramdisk filesystem
    2. Shut down the system
    3. Run IRQ to Start Initial System Load

    Take option "1", this will drop you to an installation prompt.

  72. BLTD for SCO OpenServer 5.

    1. Insert the SCO OpenServer Boot Disk (Volume: 1 of 1)
    2. At the Boot: prompt enter the string:

      defbootstr ahslink="dptr5"

    3. The system will load the Unix kernel from the boot disk and then prompt for the "dptraid installation floppy" (this disk is created when running the DPT Manager for the initail system installation). The system will copy the necessary object files from the floppy and link them into the Unix kernel. A line similar to the following line should appear on the boot hwconfig screen:

      "%adapter type=dptr5 ha=0 id=7 Bus Master"

    4. From here on you go through the noraml SCO installation. At some point you will be prompted to insert the "dptraid install disk" again. All of the necessary files will be copied off the disk and stored in memory. Near the end of the installation when the install script is setting up the Link Kit for the currently installed hardware configuration, you will be prompted to install the "dptraid driver" into the Link Kit.

  73. When the user attempts to log in, the file '/etc/group' is used to set their group. If this file is corrupt or does not exist, system logins are disabled.

    1. Verify that there are no blank lines in '/etc/group'. If the file does not exist, or you are unable to notice any discrepancies, shutdown the system and bring it back up in single user mode. Replace '/etc/group' from backups or from your installation floppies.

      Remove the file '/etc/auth/system/gr_id_map' it it exists. Run the command:

      /tcb/bin/authck -av

      This will create a new '/etc/auth/system/gr_id_map' file. A user attempting to log in will also create this file.

    2. Verify that there are no blank lines in '/etc/passwd'. If the file does not exist, or you are unable to notice any discrepancies, shutdown the system and bring it back up in single user mode. Replace '/etc/passwd' from backups or from your installation floppies.

      Remove the file '/etc/auth/system/pw_id_map' it it exists. Run the command:

      /tcb/bin/authck -av

      This will create a new '/etc/auth/system/pw_id_map' file. A user attempting to log in will also create this file.

  74. To install MERGE 4.0.2 you will need the following:


      Install
    1. OSS467A *
    2. 3.0.8 Boundless Drivers
    3. Modify '/usr/lib/grafinfo/grafdev' **
    4. Run 'mkdev mouse' ***
    5. vi /etc/conf/pack.d/ss/space.c
    6. Merge 4.0.2
    7. Windows 95 *****

    * You can also install it after installing the Boundless Rivers without a problem. This fixes the problem with srstartx starting on the console.

    ** This file tells the system what resolution to use then using 'srstartx'.

    /dev/tty00a:boundless.stuvga.svga.640x480-256
    /dev/tty10a:boundless.mcvga.svga.800x600-15-56

    NOTE: You may have to change the permissions for you can write to the file.

    *** Set up a mouse for each Boundless terminal. You may have to modify '/usr/lib/event/devices' and '/use/lib/event/ttys' to put the mouse back in for the main console. Adding the first Boundless mouse erases this entry.

    NOTE: Next time try setting up a mouse on COM2 first to see it will retain an entry for the main console.

    **** Add the following lines to the end of the file.

    /* New Stubs */
    int asy_is_assigned() { return 0; }
    int asy_key_fordos() { return 0; }
    int mrgGetMem() { return 1; }
    
    ***** Use 'startmrgx' to access Windows with Merge 4.0.2. This will give you a full screen.

    Use 'fwin' to access Windows with Merge 4.1.1. This will give you a full screen.

  75. On OpenServer 5+ if the 'unix kernel' gets corrupted and you have to use unix.old to boot up. You will have to do the following to get a good kernel.

    # btmnt -w
    # cd /stand
    # cp unix.old unix
    # btmnt -r
    
    See TA#: 105196

  76. To upgrade a computer to 5.0.5.

    1. Backup the computer
    2. Write down the Boundless configuration
      1. hwconfig -h
      2. inittab
      3. /usr/lib/grafinfo/grafdev
    3. Remove Boundless Drivers
    4. Install 5.0.5
      Boot Disk (enter)
      .
      License Number
      License Code
      License Data
      .
      Fresh or Upgrade
      If it can Upgrade it will still ask Fresh/Upgrade again.
    5. Install the Boundless 5.0.5 update. (See $HOME/SCO/505b/readme.txt) *
    6. Install Boundless 3.0.8 Drivers. (See notes in file) **
    7. Modify /etc/conf/pack.d/ss/space.c (See printed notes)
    8. Install Merge 4.0.2.

    * You make have to edit the '/opt/K/SCO/Unix/5.0.5Eb/sa/serial/serialOsa' file it 'mkdev serial' doesn't work.

    TclError: missing close brace

    Rem out the "}" on line 1272. This should be the last line in the "foreach serial" section. Also see TA:#105821.

    ** If Merge is already installed don't relink the kernel until you have done step 7. Then go into "scoadmin" and use "Hardware Manager" to relink the kernel. If you let the system relink the kernel with out first doing step 7 the system will error out.

  77. If you get the following message when a user tries to run 'startx' but root works fine. Run 'scoadmin' and verify the SCO Enterprise/Host System.

    Fatal Server Error: X-Server must be run as root
    xinit I/O error (error 5) unable to connect to xserve.

  78. 5.0.5 Installation:

    1. System name - Should be their name. ei: ias, awainc
    2. Domain name - Their domain name: ei: iasonline.com, awainc.com This should always be entered in lower case.
    3. Hard disk - Perserve existing configuration. Bad blocking off Using the space bar select - Use entire disk for Unix.
    4. Software Packages to Install - Use defaults
    5. Network Card - Auto Detect. This should find the correct card and display it on the screen.
    6. Network Address - Deferred
    7. Mail - Sendmail. This is the package used by the internet.

  79. To install SCO OpenServe 5.0.2 on an EIDE hard drive of more than 2Gb type in "biosgeom" at the "boot:". Take the option to "customize" and set the Unix parition of 2Gb or less.

    See: #105273

  80. If you change the 'AUTOEXEC.BAT' file to go to drive "J:" before installing Windows 95 you will get the following message when you try 'instwin95cd'.

    Finished first phase of installation
    ERROR 24: Windows failed the initial install
    cannot continue. Exiting.

  81. To do a System Backup:

    1. scoadmin
    2. Backup Manager
      1. Check Options -> Defaults -> Media Values -> Volume Size -> (2000000 / 4000000) -> Apply
      2. Select root filesystem -> tab -> Arrow to -> * /dev/root -> tab
      3. Backup -> Run Unscheduled -> Selected File System -> From Directory [/....] -> tab -> Start

  82. To setup the 3COM network card on Unix Server.

    Make sure the 3COM NIC driver disk has been installed.

    ftp://ftp.sco.com/pub/drivers/OSR505/network/e3H

    # netconfig -> hardware -> Add new LAN adapter -> 3COM Fast EtherLink XL PCI (3C905) -> SCO TCP/IP

    # netconfig -> hardware -> Add new LAN adapter -> 3COM EtherLink 10/100 PCI (3C905C) -> SCO TCP/IP

    NOTE: Highlight the options and use the TAB key to move from field to field or to options.
        
    IP Address - 125.0.0.1        /* Use this as default address.  The */
    Netmask    - 255.255.255.0    /* system will fill in the Netmask   */
    Broadcast  - 125.0.0.255      /* Broadcast Address automatically   */
    Address                       /* for you                           */
    

    NOTE: To change the IP address reference SCO Technical Article #105779.

    NOTE: The last number in the IP Address must be greater than "0". If you put in a "0" for the last number you will get the following error message.

    WARNING: portmapper on server 10.0.0.0 is not responding 

    rwalled: couldn't register WALLPROG statd: unable to register upd service, exit. svc_rpc_register:error

  83. To setup the 3COM network card and Termulator II.

    Control Panel -> Network -> Highlight TCP/IP 3COM Fast Etherlink -> Properties -> IP Address -> 125.0.0.{Port off hub the cable is hooked to} -> Subnet Mask -> 255.255.255.0 -> OK

    Install Termulator II

    Start -> Run -> A:Setup -> C:\TLW -> Typical Install -> Termulator II Program Group -> "Check" Launch Program -> Finish -> Type in REG CODE and SERIAL #

    Start Termulator II

    Configure -> Port Settings -> TELNET -> Address of Host -> 125.0.0.1 Configure -> Other -> On Disconnect -> Close Window

    NOTE: Check the '/etc/ttytype' file and make sure the pseudo tty's are set to 'scoansi'.

  84. To add Additional User Licenses to the System.

    Make sure everyone is logged off, as you will need to relink the kernel and reboot the computer after adding each license.

    scoadmin -> License Manager -> [enter] on License -> License Additional Users

    Enter License Number
    License Code
    License Data

    Now exit out. At this point it will want to tune the kernel for the Additional Users and relink the kernel.

    NOTE: If you have more than one Additional License to add. Do them one at a time. So put the first one in and tune, relink the kernel and reboot. Then add the next one.

  85. To check to see if a PCI card is installed and the computer sees it.

    hw -r pci

    This prints a report on all PCI slots and what is installed it them. This command actually polls the hardware directly.

  86. The files gr_id_map and pr_id_map are files constructed by the system using the /etc/group and /etc/password files. If they get corrupted remove them and run:

    /etc/bin/authck -av

    This will construct a new one.

  87. To transfer a file to a customer hooked to the internet.

    cd {directory where file is located}
    ftp {their domain name}
    login
    put {file} {directory/name}
    quit

    example
    cd /usr/ias/inform
    ftp awaagency.com
    put jjjj.P01 /usr/ias/inform/auto.P01
    quit

  88. To transfer a file under DOS to a customer

    get to a MS-DOS prompt
    cd {directory where file is located}
    ftp
    open {domain name}
    login {home directory}
    cd {directory where you want the file}
    binary
    put name
    quit
    exit